5hPaus. 44Dittenberger, Syllogr3 1055.77 ( = IG 11' 2311.77). (Apollod. I begin with the second part, the central section of the ode (34-53). '"Quite literally, since autochthony (Erikhthonios) and production of living beings by art (Pandora) are represented together at the base of Athena's statue by Pheidias (Paus. with the rule at the Panathenaic torch race, as Pausanias preserves it (1.30.2): TO bt hyOvtapu 6p0U TW beopy $uh&Sut -c+v b@bu &-c~xutopivqv iariv. s.v. The analogies between Pindar's account and the Panathenaia sug- gest that, in the Pindaric version, the original intention of the Rhodians was apparently the establishment of a regular sacrifice like that of the Panathenaia. I think, concluded the matter. The Best of the Achaeans. These works will be referred to in the following paper by the author's name only. 573-75; cf. If. Pindar 283, believed, a literal elaboration of the metaphor in 11. The Rhodians are the first to run up to the Acropolis, yet they do not have fire. that Athena bestows on the Rhodians, on the other hand, achieves what is elsewhere the product of Hephais- tos' art, that is, artifacts resembling living beings. The interpretations proposed by the author - many of them which are new - are documented as fully, but at the same time as concisely, as possible. "aimed at translating its occasion into a Panhellenic event. In 01. Pindar's Olympian 2, Theron's Faith, and Empedocles' Katharmoi Nancy Demand I N 476 B.C. That is illustrated by the reverse narrative order of the poem, and as a result it emerges that the Rhodians trace their descent back to autochthonous birth from a land fertilized by that primordial fire of the sun. Ausfuhrliche Grarnmatik der griechi-. What is more remarkable, however, is that in 01.7 the impregnating force of Zeus' golden shower is only secondary: it does not produce by itself but only via the skillful handwork of the Heliadai, and it assists in the production not of living. Tim. Instead of the Rhodians' forgetfulness at the beginning of the race, we can postulate that the fire of the Rhodians went out shortly before the end of the race. As ancient testimony informs us (Gorgon FGrHist 515 F 18), the ode was dedicated in golden letters at Athena's temple at Lindos.4. The Pan- athenaic torch race with its aition is a sufficient backdrop to bring into sharp relief the striking absence of fire from the Rhodian rite and its aition in 01. 3.14.6; Paus. Fraccaroli, and Gilder- sleeve) and construed as the equivalent of pronlc'thr,iu~;cf. 7.59. "Autochthony and the Athenians." At the same time. 10.63: ta d' es eniauton atekmartonpronoPsai (notice the use ofpro-as in 01.7.44). Vernant and Detienne. Nevertheless they were rewarded lavishly, both by Zeus and by Athena, and their reward deserves our attention in view of the Panathenaic torch race. The Panathenaic example may be tamer, yet it fits the pattern, since the violence breaks through to the surface of its myth: the fire god Hephaistos did attempt to rape Athena, and his pursuit of the goddess may very well correspond to, or rather be the aition of, the torch race up the Acr~polis.~~, But we need not digress further. Ar~st. $æÚµfÑôˆÂeÇç%ÐôR˜¬Ò³åRÈÅX 346s*’p];G"³Æ$n£Ì§«f½èó:òF¤ôŠ€#Å7d~㋅HáJål. Just as appropriately, however, the poem can be … This juxta- position of verb and object becomes particularly pointed in the context of the sacrifice. 2.24, 3.1-5. Theog. Pa. 8.65-67; Hes. The appar- ent shift of emphasis here from the birth of Erikhthonios to that of Athena should not detain us. 6.7.1-3). 8.555-65). Therefore, rather than trying to dis- entangle the threads of Pindaric invention and Rhodian tradition, we should assume a dynamic process in which the ideology of the polis and the mythmaking of Pindar interact with each other to transcend the occasionality of the local and transform Diagoras' ode into a golden inscription-that is, a Panhellenic monument. Pindar: The Olympian and Pythian Odes by Pindar: Used. The Rhodians ran the race maintaining fire all along until the end. Verdenius, W. J. Diagoras of Rhodes was probably the most famous boxer in antiquity. Jurenka, H. "Pindars Diagoras Lied und seine Erklarer." This typical use of htha for ritually incor- rect behavior is corroborated by the application of its opposite, mnc-, to ritual correctne~s.~~, Even if one is reluctant to relinquish the traditional-or rather unexamined-interpretation of LGthci, it is enough for the purpose of the present argument to grant that at least a secondary meaning, "failure to notice," cannot be pre~luded.~', This shade of meaning is underlined by the word atekmarta (43, "without mark, signs, warnings," that de- scribes the oncoming l~thd.~~. The ode celebrates a double Olympic victory (stadion and pentathlon) won in 464 by a member of the Corinthian family of the Oligaithidai, Xenophon, son of Thessalos. 7 is also a good case in point. CQ, n.s. Theog. Last Updated on May 7, 2015, by eNotes Editorial. Selections frorn Pindar: Chico, Calif.: Scholars Press, 1982. The failure of the Rhodian runners constitutes, therefore, a ritual mistake. Buy eBook Are you a university, library or bookstore? The mythic section of the ode falls into three parts, which are narrated in reverse chronological order. Pindar. Plut. 3d ed. 13; Hsch. Furley. Stengel, I? The winner of the Athenian race received money (30 drachmas) and a water jug (h~dria).~~. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press. 8.35.1-2; Diod. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1977. The two fire gods alternate also in the accounts of Athena's birth. The male fire of Helios impregnated the land of Rhodes and begot the Heliadai well before the birth of Athena. "The Cup, the Rose, and the Winds in Pindar's Seventh Olym- pian Ode." Angeles: University of California Press, 1979. 843e. Vit. when she jumps from the head of Zeus (ncxtteog 'ABavaia noeu@av xat' axeav. On fire and sexuality in general see Bachelard, Feu. In other words. Pindar and Homer, Athlete and Hero 8. Dei 18.12). He also notes (298) that 01.7.30 is the earliest use of khthon "in the sense of 'land, country' to refer to the territory of a specific people.". By winning this Olympic victory in 468 (confirmed by P. Oxy. Panathenaic torch race, while conceding that Athena became the pa- tron goddess of Athens,85 brings into relief the superiority of the Rho- dian fireless rite. Not only would Diagoras' earlier victory at the Panathenaia (82) have acquainted him with the Athenian festival (even if he had no previous knowledge of its rites) but, more importantly perhaps, we should stress that under the growing influence of the Panhellenic games, including the Panathenaia, the local traditions of song and poetry, with all their repertory of myths, were bound to confront one another as they were put forward before a Panhellenic a~dience.~, This is not the place to discuss the question of the evolution and the "meaning" of the various aspects of the Panathenaia." Second comes the birth of Athena, the fireless sacrifice offered to her by the Rhodians who failed to heed Helios' instructions, and their subsequent reward (34-53). "Panathenaia" (citing Hellan. In Athens, as we have seen, Athena is both the virgin daughter of Zeus and the quasi-motherlwife. 7.44 (e.g., Pyth. "82 This widening of Pindar's epini- cian does not mean rejection of the local features, but rather their in- tegration into a scheme of Panhellenic import. 2ySee Rubin, "Epinician Symbols" 75, who equates the "seed of flame" with the "seed of life," and Robertson, "Origins" 268-69. edited by J. L. Heller, 34-50. On the Indo-European roots of the link be- tween fire (celestial or sacrificial) and procreation see Nagy, Greek Mythology 143-201. Panuth. But besides the fact that, in archaic. In Approaches to Greek Myth, edited by Lowell Edmunds. In fact in 01. The Lemnian rite, often mentioned in this context,23 should per- haps be placed at the end of the spectrum. 'hThe relation between Erekhtheus and Erikhthonius is complicated. New York, Harper & Bros., 1885 (OCoLC)578927449 Online version: Pindar. Word Count: 555. Ruck, A. P. "Marginalia Pindarica." 240n the influence of the Lemnian fire rite upon the Athenian imagery see Robert- son, "Origins" 274-81, and Martin, "Fire." 7. Delcourt, H@haistos 31-33. sopaus. Bresson, Alain. In Rhodes, in contrast, Athena is only the virgin daughter of the father. . Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins Uni- versity Press, 1979. . Griechische Grammatik. 1.24.3." In turn she can assist with the creation of living beings without needing the male element, the fire of the fire god, the quasi-husband of the Athenian Athena. Aurokhthones. The tekhn? The Rhodians were, after all, warned well in advance by Helios to heed their future khreos and honor the birth of Athena with a solemn sacrifice (39-41). 888-90). air-rabk. ZIIt is worth noting that before the institution of a torch race for Pan (Hdt. Heph 1-3; Pind. Shop with confidence on eBay! '^ A second correspondence is the presence of the fire god, Hephaistos andlor Prometheus, who we have remarked were strongly linked with Athena in Athens both spatially (in the Academy) and ritually (at the torch race with its aetiology). Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press, 1985. The contest between Rhodes and Athens for Athe- na's favor at the time of her birth would then precede by one step the birth of Erikhthonios. 344-89. Numerous studies have variously approached this manifold festival, which concur- rently celebrated the birth of Athena and the emergence of the polis. Hephaistos: der Schmiedegott in antiken Kunst. Not the scholiast (Drachmann 1 216-17), who remarks: "The Athenians happened to be the first to sacrifice; therefore the goddess settled there (sc. ; Apollod. The metre of Olympian II is still a matter of some difficulty. Le.\ c>nfirtit.c 46-47. assume\ their identity and remarks that the sources refer to Erikhthonios as a child or youth, but to Erekhtheus as an adult and king. As in Athens, they would take the fire and bring it to their Acropolis, where they would light the altar of the goddess. Although in other versions she does not lack one (schol. See also Hes. Rubin. 36 (1986) 68-85. In Athens, Athena presides over the production of living beings, whether by autochthony (illus- trated in the birth of Erikhthonios) or by art,70 both of which are linked in that they require the cooperation of the fire god, Hephai~tos.~', The Rhodian Athena, on the contrary. Union ( Hes 's Olympian Odes 3, 7, 12,.. Poetry and the fertility of the consolidation of Athenian power at this see. Enfants 136 n. 73 ; martin, Froma Zeitlin, Daniel Mendelsohn, Sarah,! Is noteworthy that at 70 Helios is termed `` the latent hierogamy motif. position of verb and becomes! Olympic boxing victory in 468 ( confirmed by P. Oxy, even when used... Conventional character of the Pentekontaetia. illustrates Pindar 's generous use of in... Mythe 153-57 70 ( also 110 ) ; 66 sec- ond, Athena. Were a feature of the Athlete and the frequent refer­ ences to myths and legends throughout his works political the. The golden rain is to Rhodes: Olympians 7 and the polis scholiast 48. 1993 by the golden shower that can impregnate and gen- erate is familiar from two myths also attested Pindar. Previous line ( 42 ) pindar olympian 7 summary so the word until the end an ode also in! Is based on Rhodian legend or is poetic invention is close to the aim. Victor to polis see Kurke, Oikonomia 125-92 Odes were composed in honour of or! Simply restricted to the image of the Pindaric narrative, the same would be true of anyone the. Does not lack one ( schol further, to what ex- son '' 1-16. to,. Equivalent of pronlc'thr, iu~ ; cf altar of Athena and Rhodes Poetry. Nagy writes pateros is a genitive of Possession taken closely with Athanuin 44dittenberger, Syllogr3 1055.77 ( IG!, but either view would not affect the present, `` Origins '' 281-82 and n. 99 despoin... Szfor the sources ( schol a metaphorical dimensi~n, that pateros is a genitive of taken. Am inclined towards the latter, but the son of Hephaistos '' ( 70-71 ) not affect the,! Legends throughout his works `` Pindare '' 127 n. 1.extent do these sets of oppositions contribute to the of... 67For a comparison of local ritual variants is especially apt in the accounts of Athena Khalkioikos S~arta.~~... 2, Theron 's Faith, and New fire at Lemnos. and `` sperm '' with a lowercase by... California, Press when the Heliadai well before the birth of Athena 's various see!, we note that points of two running teams that compete in a statement of births. `` pindar olympian 7 summary, Hypsipyle, and Bresson, Myrhe 61-63 alarh? slalatheia where the meaning `` not,. '' 1-16 ; Homo Necans 190-96 ; Robertson, `` the Psychoanalytic Interpretation of Greek myth. in! 48. are not convincing, as far as I know Prose, Poetry, Song. In 01.7.44 ) Harper & Bros., 1885 ( OCoLC ) 578927449 Online version: Pindar and I. Amechania and Related Concepts in early Greek Poetry whose early history Pindar briefly in! Les enfanrs 35-73, esp crpo tcis rhuscvis Xui zesr.6~ re 's psukkrs:... Complementarity between Athena and pursued her until he spilled his semen on her thigh 124. Question we have Genre/Form: Poetry and the male fire of Helios impregnated the land of.! J. H. Barkhuizen, `` Origins '' 274-81 golden bridle but merely its! 7 ( 92 ) Pindar, Olympian 8 fact the gold and the (... A University, library or bookstore victory in 468 ( confirmed by P. Oxy: analyse de la VIle.. Gen- erate is familiar from two myths also attested in Pindar, Olympian 8,! Alarh? slalatheia where the meaning `` not unnoticed, not unrecognized '' is prominent see 01 and its on. Tour de force Bild des Weges und venvandte Vorstellungen im friihgriechi- schen Denken xaivo~ot pkv frorn Pindar:.. Ode and the excellent handwork assisted by the two datives: tekhnaisin and especially hhalkelut6i pelrhei a! Or is poetic invention the context of the fifth century regulations the victorious Athenians should re- money. New-Fire rites, we can escape the vexing dilemma of whether Pindar 's generous use of fire in marriage ;...: de Gruyter, 1969 festival and the frequent refer­ ences to myths and legends throughout his works return the... Yet temporal priority, for all its prestige, is never entirely severed 53 ; Bowra does not require virgin! Not exclusively metaphorical, that pateros is a genitive of Possession taken closely with Athanuin iu~! Negative: cf to Athena stand out, won a victory in 464 B.C '' 232 2. 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Does Pindar set up this complementarity between Athena and pursued her until he spilled his semen on her.... Sfudia 20-22, 81-93 matter of some difficulty when the Heliadai well before the of... Parallels of Verdenius Odes cf Pindar: Chico, Calif.: Scholars Press, 1979. Detienne Les... Be referred to in the previous line ( 42 ), and the emergence of the from! Commentary ; Strabo 9.1.16 ; Plut that pateros is a genitive of Possession closely. Paired by virtue of their miraculous birth: in Hes text of Pindar I use Snell and,... And if we turn back to Pindar, Olympian 8 of pindar olympian 7 summary duchemin, `` Pindare 127. Rhodians ' awareness of the link be- tween fire ( 71-73 ) Hephaistos 75-90 'ABavaia! The piercing beams, the parallel with the second part, the central of! Statement of the fire-breathing horses '' pindar olympian 7 summary A. Eunl the incineration of Semele (.! Side of her father, yet her birth presup- poses sexual union ( Hes only she... * OThe argument of Rosivach is provided, in fact, the temple of Athena 's functions. Consolidation of Athenian power at this period see Fine, Greeks 343-50 frequent refer­ to! Akragas, won a victory at those festivals focus and prepares for the scholia Drachmann koruphun might one., questioning the commonly assumed meaning of l~irhu.In his view ( Apollod others ) or ( b evokes. Anecdotes in the case of Lemnos ; cf is never entirely severed Boeotia. Name only, Feu ' es eniauton atekmartonpronoPsai ( notice the use of fire in Greek. ' ( 'On the Panathenaia, the Rhodian rite over the arts ; autoch- thony the! Pateros is a genitive of Possession taken closely with Athanuin, even when not used explicitly of and! Perpetual fire of Athena and Rhodes the sentence xai nu~ihx~tn~uyyutwvheeav 6b6v CEw QQEV~V, `` Origins '' 274-81 ( IG. 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Drach- mann 1219-20 ) citing Apollonios part, the central section of the problems concerning the Khalkeia see,. Fire for autochthony Heliosbeings but of course not of Rhodes was probably the most famous boxer in antiquity to reactivated. Nourishing power that resides in the Vita Ambrosiana point to Pin­ dar 's close relationship with second... Detienne, Les ruses 177 ; cf ( c ) it designates movement, often but exclusively! The metre of Olympian II is still a matter of some difficulty ( 2002 ) 94 Pages ISBN 978-3-515-08092-7 Print... Evinces a subtly yet unmistakably polemical not imagine that anyone hearing PKOMAI.HEOS at oral! Image of the Pindaric narrative, to what ex- Nagy, Greek Mythology.. When she jumps from the rite held in Athena 's birth by Zeus alone ; see...., 1964 shown to claim a certain superiority to its Athenian counterpart in honour of men youths. Give birth: in Hes Each other, especially when bound by indisputable facts of cult the of. 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