The characteristics for a phase distance function and a ground distance function that use positive sequence voltage polarization are shown in Figure 3 (1) and are drawn for a phase-to-phase and phase-to-ground fault respectively. Transmission Line Setting Calculations – Beyond the Cookbook Michael J. Thompson and Daniel L. Heidfeld, Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories, Inc. Abstract—Setting transmission line relays is fairly easy to learn—but takes years to master. It can also be observed from the characteristics that Zone-3 resistive reach must be set carefully so that it do not encroach the load impedance locus. More specifically, the relay operates depending upon the impedance between the point of fault and the point where relay is installed. This is important from system reliability and to avoid spurious tripping of line during heavy loading of line. 220. impedance falls below the pre-determined value. Distance Relay Setting calculation Electrical Impedance Distance Relay Setting Calculation Guide Line protection calculations and setting guidelines for Power System Protection With Relay Co Ordination Relay Settings Calculations – Electrical Engineering MODEL SETTING CALCULATIONS FOR TYPICAL IEDs LINE Power System Protective Relays Principles amp Practices SECTION 15 POWER SYSTEM … Under normal operating condition restraining torque is greater than deflecting torque. Naresh Kumar says: October 24, 2013 at 11:29 am. Figure 2 shows an example of a radial system with current grading. The time distance impedance relay will not only be operated depending upon voltage to current ratio, its operating time also depends upon the value of this ratio. So the required setting for Zone-1 = 48.8×0.28 = 13.66 ohm. Support Relay Testing Spreadsheets Acceptance tests are normally performed when a relay is received, prior to in-service settings be­ing applied. ABB RET670 Calculations. Dear Mr.Csanyi In an engineering exam I had a question which addition to CT accuracy class C800 and CT … 1.02 Description = Distance + Over Voltage Prot. 25! The current element produces a positive or pick-up torque while the voltage element produces a negative or reset torque. This delay automatically adjusts its operating time according to the distance of the relay from the fault point. HV Protection Relays Setting Calculation Rev-4. Relay pick up current Primary side = 1.05 * 600 = 630A. Once the in-service settings are applied, commissioning should include testing of enabled functions to ensure the application is performing as planned. As the impedance of a transmission line is directly proportional to its length, it can easily be concluded that a distance relay can only operate if fault is occurred within a predetermined distance or length of line. we respect your privacy and take protecting it seriously, Two types of Resistive Reach are settable in quadrilateral characteristics of, Ph-Ph (Phase to Phase) Resistive Reach, and, Apart from the above, we should also consider the, Generally, the resistive reach of zone-3 is set less than 80% of minimum load impedance. The phase to ground resistive reach is defined by the maximum phase to ground fault, Earth and Unearth Cable – Introduction and Differences, What is IGBT? The purpose of protective relays and system is to operate the correct CB so as to disconnect only the faulty Equipment/Ckt. 51! The angle through which the disc travels the disc travel before relay operate depends upon the pull of the voltage excited magnet. These formulas vary according to design manufacturer of relays. Again, it should not be encroached by load. 2.1 Differential Relay Settings Calculations MiCOM P63X Relay Type: MICOM P63X Required Data Ratings of the Power and Current Transformers MVA Voltage Ratio Rated Voltage in kV (HV Side) Rated Voltage in kV (LV Side) Vector Group CT Ratio (HV Side) CT HV Side Vector Group CT Ratio (LV Side) CT LV Side Vector Group … 87 : Differential relay . Staged-Fault Testing of Distance Protection Relay Settings J. Havelka1, R ... and 5 show the relay settings calculated using CAPE software, for the relays at TPP Plomin, SS Sijana and SS Vincent, respectively. Rph is defined by the maximum amount of fault resistance in addition to line impedance for which distance zone will trip regardless of location fault. Lecture -20 Directional Overcurrent Relay Coordination in Multi-loo; Module-6 Distance Protection. The arc resistance is given by the following formula: Where, If = Minimum fault current during phase to phase fault in Ampere, L = Maximum spacing between the conductors in meter. For relays calibrated in volts this is all that is required. More specifically, the relay operates depending upon the impedance between the point of fault and the point where relay is installed. Transmission Line Setting Calculations – Beyond the Cookbook ... different quantities, for example, coordinating between distance and overcurrent elements or between dissimilar directional polarization methods. Please send me details Differential relay setting calculation. The operation of such relay depends upon the predetermined value of voltage to current ratio. Benefits of Distance Protection . Example 15.3 For part 2, 3, and 4 of Example 15.2, calculate the CT voltage if the phase relay burden is 1.2 , the residual relay burden is 1.8 , the lead resistance is 0.4 , and the CT resis-tance is 0.3 . For example, consider the case of a distance function that uses positive sequence voltage as the polarizing signal. Substations Sitemap Test Formats Manuals Software 220kV DURSHED FEEDER SIEMENS DISTANCE PROTECTION RELAY SETTING CALCULATION 1.0 Relay Data: 1.01 ANSI No. In this article, we will discuss the method for calculation of resistive reach setting. IDMT Relay High Current setting :Plug setting of Relay is 2.5 Amp and Time Delay (TMS) is 0.100 Sec, Relay Curve is selected as Normal Inverse Type; Calculation of Over Current Relay Setting: (1) Low over Current Setting: (I>) Over Load Current (In) = Feeder Load Current X Relay setting … The relay mainly consists of a current driven element like double winding type induction over current relay. VSis the next highest possible voltage setting calculated in step above. MiCOM P546 Calculations. Differential Protection 50! Consider the making of a distance relay by calculating the apparent impedance and comparing the result against some geometric shape. R2ph and R1ph is set 80% of R3ph-R4ph respectively. Then the induction element starts rotating. DISTANCE RELAYS 61 4 DISTANCE RELAYS Perhaps the most interesting and versatile family of relays is the distance-relay group. These relays may sometimes be set based in percentages of the line impedances, for example a typical setting for zone 1 is 80% of the impedance of the line in order to not reach the remote end, the zone 2 can be set at 120% of the impedance of the line in order to dependably overreach the line, Zone 3 sometimes are disabled or set to cover an adjacent line. 2.04 Protected Line length. In view of this, R3ph – R4ph is set 60% of minimum load impedance. 23! Commentdocument.getElementById("comment").setAttribute( "id", "af825a94d3f8b5884425d8129c2f402a" );document.getElementById("fcfd6eeaff").setAttribute( "id", "comment" ); Subscribe to our mailing list and get interesting stuff and updates to your email inbox. Distance relays are actually double actuating quantity relays with one coil energized by voltage and the other coil by current. Fig.3 shows the application of Time-delay overcurrent relays for protection of radial transmission line with multiple sections.It illustrates how time coordination is achieved between the inverse time – overcurrent relays at each In this paper, we refer to this approach as the Z = VII method. PCS has extensive experience in the development of protective relay settings for transmission, distribution and generation systems, with voltage ranging from 480V through 500 kV. The pull of this magnet depends upon the line voltage. In normal operating condition, restoring torque is more than deflecting torque. 21. o Solution 1: time delay . 71 (R1=R2) 0.0791 /KM (X1=X2) 0.403 This technical report refers to the electrical protection of all 132kV switchgear. Calculations : Calculation of relay operating time: In order to calculate the actual relay operating A) Time / PSM Curve B) Plug Setting C) Time Setting D) Fault Current E) Current Transformer Ratio The procedure for calculating the actual relay operating time is as follows:- A) Convert the fault current into the relay coil current by using the current transformer ratio. Let us discuss this aspect for calculating the resistive reach. Stability setting is then in essence the determination of RS. 47! 24! Impedance Relays 390 2. The distance relay settings required to achieve these goals depend upon the configuration of the power system and the type of protective scheme employed. quantity of current in the induction element. • To ensure whole line covered set to 120% but sees past end and could operate for fault on next line. Distance protection relay- Before going to Distance Protection Relay First see what is Protection System in Power System & Transmission Lines. This should be 0.50 - 15.00 for U.S. curves and 0.05 - 1.00 for IEC curves. MiCOM P643 Calculations. Again, speed of rotation of induction element approximately proportional to current in this element. With the proper education, tools, and references such as company standards available, a Lecture -24 Power Swings and Distance Relaying Relay Pickup current (Primary) = Plug Position (PSM) * Rated CT Primary current. 0.403 ohms/km. Please revert if you still have doubt. DISTANCE PROTECTION CALCULATION: ZONE SETTINGS: Zone – 1 = 80% of Protected Line Zone – 1B = 100% of Protected Line Zone – 2 = 100% of Protected Line + 20% of Adjacent Shortest Line Zone – 3 = 100% of Protected Line + 150% of Adjacent Longest Line Zone – 4 = 200% of Protected Line CALCULATIONS: 1. ETAP StarZ Transmission Line Protection software provides tools to examine and check the performance of distance relay settings, user logic, and communication interfaces. Quadrilateral characteristics require even more. In this situation, current coil pulls the beam more strongly than voltage coil, hence beam tilts to close the relay contacts and consequently the circuit breaker associated with this impedance relay will trip. Distance Relay Coordination and Protection Analysis Software. operating time is proportional to V. CT/PT Ratio = 1000/ (400×103/110) = 1000×110/400,000 = 0.28. The phase to ground resistive reach is defined by the maximum phase to ground fault arc resistance and tower footing resistance for which relay should operate. The follow-ing events trigger calculation of the settings: Replacement of a relay in a station Changes in network topology (cable replac-ing overhead lines) Routine test Changes to operating scenarios Working Principle… There is one type of relay which functions depending upon the distance of fault in the line. Overcurrent Relay Setting Model for Effective Substation Relay Coordination International organization of Scientific Research 29 | P a g e Step 5. These settings may be re-evaluated during the commissioning, according to actual and measured values. 1. Time Stepped Distance . As per Ramkrishna Committee recommendation, in the absence of credible data regarding minimum voltage and maximum load expected for a line during emergency system condition, following criteria may be considered for deciding load point encroachment: Let us now try to calculate the resistive reach setting of a 400 kV line. Quadrilateral characteristics require even more. Reply. If the impedance sensed by relay is more than 13.66 but less than 25.62 (Zone-2 setting), Zone-2 will pick up. As Zone-2 phase to phase resistive reach is 80% of R3PP, therefore, Similarly, Zone-1 phase to phase resistive reach is 80% of R2PP, therefore. Electrical4U is dedicated to the teaching and sharing of all things related to electrical and electronics engineering. Phase-to-Phase Line Distance Protection Testing 425 6. There are different impedance setting for different Zones in Distance Relay. 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Iec curves disconnect only the faulty Equipment/Ckt ABB distance Protection relay setting calculation distance relays Perhaps the most and! Protection relay setting Model for Effective Substation relay Coordination in Multi-loo ; Module-6 distance Protection relay see. Do CTs and VTs – allow 5 to 10 % by voltage of potential.! Errors – allow 10 % in terms of Primary must multiply this by CT/PT ratio load else the relay only. Voltage becomes less than 80 % of minimum load impedance the advantages and disadvantages of current coil from... Convert it into secondary we must calculate the minimum load impedance is one voltage element from potential transformer attached the. 2 shows an example of a current driven element like double Winding type induction over current relay must! Flow in the line and not 100 % is independently settable in characteristics... E Step 5 pull hence longer will be the travel of the excited... 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