It is called mabele in Northern Sotho and brown porridge in English. These adaptations that advance the individual needs of the plants for their own survival and reproduction also allows the plant to serve a larger purpose as a valuable subsistence crop for those living in semi-arid tropical regions. Common Name. Arkansas Sorghum beer is called bjala in Northern Sotho and is traditionally made to mark the unveiling of a loved-one's tombstone. While sorghum is a perennial grass, it is treated as an annual and can be harvested many times during the year (FAO 1995a). Pages 191-283 in K. H. Steinkraus, ed.. Trinder, D. W. 1998. It is the principle food grain for more than 750 million people in semi-arid areas. Nutritional quality of foods prepared from sorghum and millets. Sorghum is a cereal grass having broad leaves resembling corn and large clusters of grain on tall stalks. Sorghum beer is known by many different names in various countries across Africa, including burukuto (Nigeria), pombe (East Africa) and bil-bil (Cameroon). Xanthomonas vasicola pv.holcicola; previously, Xanthomonas campestris pv. Common name i: Sorghum: Synonym i: Sorghum vulgare: Other names i ›Andropogon sorghum ›Andropogon sorghum (L.) Brot. A waxy coating on the leaves and stems helps to retrain water even in intense heat. Domestication probably took place in sub-Saharan Africa. Federal government websites always use a .gov or .mil domain. The sorghum plants fields in Botswana. Broomcorns are use to produce fiber for brooms. sudanense ; International Common Names. ›Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench ›Sorghum bicolor milo ›Sorghum bicolor subsp. Scientific Name. Sorghum straw (stem fibres) can also be made into excellent wall board for house building, as well as biodegradable packaging. The website also provides access to a database and images of herbarium specimens found at the University of South Florida and other herbaria. sudanense (PIPER) SOO/HITCHC. To cite this article click here for a list of acceptable citing formats.The history of earlier contributions by wikipedians is accessible to researchers here: The history of this article since it was imported to New World Encyclopedia: Note: Some restrictions may apply to use of individual images which are separately licensed. The name "sorghum" comes from Italian "sorgo," in turn from Latin "Syricum (granum)" meaning "grain of Syria.". It is deemed as the third largest food grain. For over 750 million people in the semi-arid tropics of Africa, Asia, and Latin America, it is the main food grain (FSD 2007). Phonetic Spelling SOR-gum ha-le-PEN-see This plant has low severity poison characteristics. Van der Walt, H. P. 1956. In southern Africa, sorghum is used to produce beer, including the local version of Guinness. The Atlas of Florida Plants provides a source of information for the distribution of plants within the state and taxonomic information. Cooperative Extension, which staffs local offices in all 100 counties and with the Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians. The souring of African sorghum beer is done by lactic acid fermentation, and is responsible for the distinct sour taste. Both roughage and dropped heads are utilized. The United States is the world’s largest producer of sorghum. Sudan grass; Other Scientific Names. The lactic acid fermentation and/or alcoholic fermentation may still be active. By the time the seed heads are filling, optimum water conditions are down to about 50 millimeters every 10 days. In the spring, adults emerge and are attracted to flowering host plants. The name "sweet sorghum" is used to identify varieties of S. bicolor that are sweet and juicy. Also, using wild lactic acid bacteria increases the chances of spoilage organisms being present. There are many varieties. In eastern Karnataka and the Rayalaseema area of Andhra Pradesh, roti (Jonna rotte) made with sorghum is the staple food. with Europe’s new General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) that applies since 25 May 2018. It was unknown in the Mediterranean area into Roman times. In the cuisine of the Southern United States, sorghum syrup is used as a sweet condiment, usually for biscuits, corn bread, pancakes, hot cereals ,or baked beans. The task of making the beer falls traditionally to women. Therefore, if growers are applying 75 pounds N per acre, the top end yield potential will be approximately 68 bushels per acre. The seeds of broomcorn are borne on the ends of long straight branches. Art, Music, Literature, Sports and leisure. Grain sorghum kernels vary in color from white through shades of red and brown to pale yellow to deep purple-brown. Commercial Sorghum species are native to tropical and subtropical regions of Africa and Asia, with one species native to Mexico. In China, sorghum is the most important ingredient for the production of distilled beverages such as Maotai and kaoliang, as seen in the 1987 film Red Sorghum. Kafficorn matling and brewing studies II-Studies on the microbiology of Kaffir Beer. We'd like to inform you that we have updated our Privacy Notice to comply In the spring, adults emerge and are attracted to flowering host plants. Since these plants have evolved to grow in hot, dry areas, it is essential that the soil is kept from compacting and that they are grown on land with ample cultivated topsoil. There are about 30 species in the Sorghum genus, some of which are raised for grain and many of which are used as fodder plants either cultivated or as part of pasture. Sorghum, also called milo, is truly a versatile crop. Industrialization of Africa's indigenous beer brewing. However, note Zohary and Hopf (2000), "the archaeological exploration of sub-Saharan Africa is yet in its early stages, and we still lack critical information for determining where and when sorghum could have been taken into cultivation.". A survey of aflatoxins in industrially brewed South African sorghum beer and beer strainings. In the United States, sorghum mainly is produced for animal feed. Sorghum is used in various cultures to produce alcoholic beverages. an experiment that has been published in the scientific literature, an orthologous protein, a record from another database, etc.
Sorghum is considered the 'camel of the crops', a true testament to its hardiness and ability to grow in dry, nutrient-poor soils and withstand prolonged droughts. Pearled sorghum offers a growing alternative to rice (FAO 1995b). The species originated in northern Africa and can grow in arid soils and withstand prolonged droughts. Medieval Islamic texts list medical uses for the plant (Watson 11983). Compacted soil or shallow topsoil can limit the plants ability to deal with drought by limiting its root system. Please consider upgrading,An evidence describes the source of an annotation, e.g. It was used as maple syrup is used in the North, although it is uncommon today. It is especially adapted to grow in dry areas but, being so rich in diversity, it also grows well in temperate and high altitude environments. Br. Even in a long drought severe enough to hamper sorghum production, it will still usually produce some seed on smaller and fewer seed heads. Scientific Name. All steps, with the exception of the souring, can be compared to traditional beer brewing. The porridge can be served with maswi (soured milk) or merogo (a mixture of boiled greens, much like collard greens or spinach). 1 . Host; Sorghum vulgare Pers. The top exporters are the United States, Australia, and Argentina (USGC 2008). It grows in harsh environments with limited water where other crops may do poorly (FAO 1995a). Spoilage is a big safety concern when it comes to African sorghum beer. Host; Sorghum vulgare Pers. Some species of sorghum can contain levels of hydrogen cyanide, hordenine and nitrates lethal to grazing animals in the early stages of the plant's growth. The .gov means it’s official. Common sorghum ( Sorghum bicolor ). However, herbicides are still used to control the weed problem so that the plants produce an economically viable crop of grain. Night time temperatures below 13°C for more than a few days can severely impact the plant’s potential grain production.
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